Milestones Since 2000

 

Brunei induces widespread use of IT
Brunei’s blueprint for the widespread use of information technology (IT) was mooted in 1997 and expressed in a project called the “National IT Strategic Plan 2000 and Beyond”. Effective since 2000, the project promotes the use of IT in the public and private sectors, and is set to raise the level of IT literacy among the population and secure the supply of IT professionals to fuel economic growth.

The project is characterised by three objectives:
1. to create paper-less state bureaucracy and channelling of services
2. to introduce an electronic government (e-government) by 2005
3. to offer incentives for widespread IT adoption and e-business deployment in the public sector

Brunei establishes IT council
Brunei had established the Brunei National Information Technology Council (BIT) in 2000 in a bid to marshal resources to introduce e-government. The BIT Council also functions to motivate the private sector to use e-business models in running businesses. The proposed International Advisory Panel (IAP) comprising prominent IT figures from abroad advises the BIT Council on strategic IT issues.

Brunei protects intellectual property rights
Brunei has passed five legislations that protect intellectual capital, effective since 2000, in a bid to induce the growth of knowledge-driven enterprises and lessen its dependence on the hydrocarbon sector.
1. Copyright Order 1999
2. Industrial Designs Order 1999
3. Layout Designs Order 1999
4. Trade Marks Act 2000
5. Trade Marks Rules 2000

Brunei secures e-commerce and online users’ interest
Brunei has passed four legislations, effective since 2000, in a bid to secure electronic business transactions and curb online instances that contravene public decency.
1. Electronic Transactions Order 2000
2. Computer Misuse Order 2000
3. Broadcasting (Class Licence) Notification 2000
4. Internet Code of Practice Notification 2000

Brunei International Financial Centre (BIFC)
Brunei disclosed its ambition of becoming a financial service hub for banking, insurance, securities, and trust and corporate management on July 15, 2000. The Brunei International Financial Centre (BIFC) functions for this purpose and it features the use of both conventional and Islamic financial systems. It is equipped with relevant legislation and is supervised by the Ministry of Finance.

BIFC’s remit in Islamic finance is based on the International Banking Order 2000.

Aviation treaty
Brunei is one of the five signatories to the Multilateral Agreement on the Liberalisation of International Air Transportation, the first ‘open skies’ air services agreement of its kind that binds several nation-states.

The Agreement was signed on May 1, 2001. The other four signatories are Chile, New Zealand, Singapore and the United States of America.

To date, Brunei has signed bilateral air services agreements: with Singapore (June 5, 1997), the United States of America (June 20, 1997), and New Zealand (March 9, 1999).


Brunei expands hydrocarbon sector
Brunei’s hydrocarbon industry is set to host more players after the government had opened its offshore and onshore areas for bidding on January 29, 2001.

The deepwater Blocks J and K are enclosed in Brunei’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and cover an area of 10,000 km² whereas the onshore segment covers 2,500 km².

Brunei establishes a national oil company
Brunei’s oil exploration now extends internationally after the government established the Brunei National Petroleum Company (PetroleumBRUNEI) on November 5, 2001.

PetroleumBRUNEI manages the government’s business interests in joint venture oil companies and formulates Brunei’s hydrocarbon policy. Its remit to engage in hydrocarbon business overseas lessens Brunei’s dependence on its domestic oil and gas reserves.

Oil was first struck in Brunei in 1929 but commercial production began in 1932.

Brunei reactivates agency for in-bound investment
The Brunei Economic Development Board (BEDB), formerly part of the finance ministry, was restructured on November 26, 2001 after the government passed the Brunei Economic Development Board (Amendment) Order 2001. It is now a statutory body that runs on commercial logic. BEDB leads the diversification of the national economy and creates employment opportunities for Bruneians by attracting local and foreign investments.

BEDB disclosed its two-pronged strategy to reinvigorate Brunei’s economic diversification on January 15, 2003. The strategy is expected to bring US$4.5 billion investment into Brunei and create 6,000 new permanent jobs by 2008. The first prong engages foreign investors to develop downstream and manufacturing industries in the Sungai Liang area in the Belait district and the Pulau Muara Besar in the Brunei-Muara district. The second prong opens four industry clusters to foreign investment: hospitality and tourism; transportation and logistics; business services; and financial services.

Laws that touched on business licensing, industrial activities and investments were also amended in 2001 in a bid to streamline the work of economic diversification.

Brunei overhauls telecommunications and IT laws
Brunei has passed three legislations since 2001 in a bid to streamline its information communication technologies (ICT) industry.
1. Authority for Information Communication Technology Industry (AiTi) Order 2001 that establishes an independent statutory body to regulate Brunei’s telecommunications and ICT industries.
2. Telecommunications Order 2001 that succeeds the Telecommunications Act 1984.
3. Telecommunications Succession Order 2001 that enables the Telecommunications Department (JTB) to transform into a corporate entity.

Brunei strengthens trade bilateral with the USA
The Brunei-United States relations are set to open more areas in trade and investment after the two governments have signed the Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) on December 16, 2002 in Washington, DC. TIFA sparks a series of trade-related Brunei-US cooperation on intellectual property rights, ICT, biotechnology, participation of SMES in trade and investment, tourism, and capacity building.

Brunei signs air cargo treaty
Brunei is signatory to the Multilateral Agreement on the Full Liberalisation of All Cargo Air Services since February 2003.
The other signatory states are Singapore and Thailand. The Agreement allows airlines of member states to provide air cargo services in either or both directions from points in the territory of the member state granting the right, through any connecting points to destinations in other member states and beyond.

Brunei introduces anti-terrorism law
Brunei criminalises the direct and indirect provision of financial assistance to terrorists after the government passed the Anti-Terrorism (Financial and Other Measures) Order in June 2003. This law also punishes persons who produce hoax terrorist acts.

Brunei joins the regional combat against transnational crimes
Brunei is signatory to the Agreement on Information Exchange and Establishment of Communication Procedures since October 5, 2003. Member states now include Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand.

The Agreement enables member states to cooperate in the fight against transnational crimes such as marine pollution, money laundering, terrorism and the trafficking of arms, goods and persons.

Brunei consolidates education law
Brunei’s future workforce is set to stay aligned with the demands of industry after the government has passed the Education Order in December 2003. The law holds the promise of streamlining Brunei’s education system by delegating authority to newly-established agencies of the Ministry of Education. It requires public and private educational institutions of all levels to apply the national curriculum, which is prescribed in the national education system. The law also requires schools to host primary and secondary education for pupils with special needs.

Monetary body safeguards Brunei currency
The state’s transactions with Treasury Bills and government securities with 30-year maturity are now exercised by the Brunei Currency and Monetary Board (BCMB) effective February 1, 2004.

BCMB functions as Brunei’s monetary authority after the government passed the Currency and Monetary Order 2004 to replace the 1967 Currency Act. Its remit covers the issuing of currency notes and coins, maintaining international reserves to safeguard the value of the Brunei dollar and promoting Brunei’s monetary policy.

The new law does not affect the Brunei-Singapore Inter-changeability Agreement that allows Brunei and Singapore to mutually accept each other’s currency on a par.

Brunei introduces new economic blueprint
Brunei is set to streamline the workings of its economy after the government formed the ministerial-level agency, the Long-term National Development Planning Board, on February 23, 2004. As successor to the 8th National Development Plan 2001-2005 (8th NDP), the new planning board’s remit covers a 30-year time frame and is assisted by a National Vision Working Committee.

Brunei reopens legislature
Brunei’s state and society relationship is set to be based on a formalised structure of consultation after the government reopened the State Legislative Council on September 25, 2004. Its first agenda, after a 21-year absence, was the proposed amendment on the 1959 constitution.

The legislature’s first meeting was held on October 21, 1959 at the Lapau (royal ceremonial hall); its last was on December 27, 1983 at the Dewan Majlis (the building that houses the legislature). The sovereign dissolved the legislature on February 13, 1984.

Brunei amends national constitution
The state powers of monarchy are now defined and hold pre-eminence in national law after the government amended the 1959 constitution on September 29, 2004.
The amendment also clarifies the functions of the State Legislative Council and existing agencies, and paves the way for the re-introduction of elected representatives.

The amendment also holds the promise of establishing three new agencies: the Pardons Board, the
Council of Adat Istiadat (a body responsible for royal traditions and protocol), and the Interpretation Tribunal.

Brunei joins regional combat against corruption
Brunei is signatory to the Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation to Prevent and Fight Corruption since December 15, 2004.

Other signatories include Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei upgrades employee recruitment law
The government has passed the Employment Agencies Order 2004 on December 20, 2004 in a bid to curb the illegal import of foreign labour. Home- and business-owners are now required to hire staff through accredited employment agencies instead of exercising direct hiring of foreign job seekers.

Brunei combats human trafficking
The government has passed the Trafficking and Smuggling of Persons Order 2004 on December 20, 2004 in a bid to remain aligned with international regulations and to supplement the powers of the Employment Agencies Order 2004.

Brunei signs ‘open skies’ treaty with ASEAN member states
Brunei is signatory to the Multilateral Agreement on the Liberalisation of Passenger Air Services on December 27, 2004. As an ‘open skies’ treaty that contains unlimited third and fourth freedom traffic rights, it enables Brunei-owned airlines to operate into the signatory states while carrying passengers from other non-signatories.

Other signatories to this treaty include Singapore and Thailand.

Brunei awards licence to second mobile phone operator
Brunei’s mobile telecommunications sector is now open to competition after the government issued a second operating licence to a consortium called QAF Comserve Sendirian Berhad- Telekom Brunei Berhad on January 14, 2005.

Brunei streamlines aviation access to the UAE
Brunei’s ‘open skies’ policy now covers its air linkage with the United Arab Emirates after the two governments signed the bilateral liberalised air services agreement on April 19, 2005.
Brunei reshuffles cabinet membership

Brunei is set to improve its national administration after His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam reshuffled a majority of members of the Council of Cabinet Ministers on May 24, 2005.

His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam retains his posts as sovereign, head of state, and his three portfolios: prime minister, defence, and finance. His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah, the Crown Prince is now the senior minister at the Prime Minister’s Office. His Royal Highness Prince Mohamed Bolkiah retains his post as foreign minister.

The new cabinet has six features. First, the ministerial and deputy ministerial appointments are valid for five years. Second, Brunei now has an energy minister based at the Prime Minister’s Office. Third, two members of the cabinet now hold parallel ministerial posts: the foreign and finance ministries have two ministers each. Fourth, each of the following five ministries now has a deputy minister: the Prime Minister’s Office, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Development, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources. Fifth, all deputy ministers - except for one at the Ministry of Culture, Youths and Sports - are newly appointed members of the Council of Cabinet Ministers. Sixth, the offices of the state mufti and the attorney general now hold ministerial ranks.

Brunei signs more trade accords
Trade flows in goods between Brunei, Chile, New Zealand and Singapore are set to enjoy 90 per cent duty free after the four governments concluded negotiations for the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement on June 3, 2005.

The Trans-Pacific SEP Agreement becomes effective on January 1, 2006. It holds the promise of reducing transaction costs on non-tariff barriers: sanitary and phytosanitary measures, standards and conformance, and customs procedures. It also legalises ‘national treatment’ for companies from the four signatory states to compete for government procurement contracts above certain thresholds. Brunei is set to subsume the Trans-Pacific SEP Agreement’s terms and conditions into national law within two years from that date.

The negotiations on June 3 also secured approval for the signing of two parallel, tradeinducing agreements: the Environment Cooperation Agreement and the Labour Cooperation Memorandum of Understanding.

Brunei merges local banks
Customers, insurance policy holders and investors of the Islamic Bank of Brunei (IBB) and the Islamic Development Bank of Brunei (IDBB) are set to enjoy better services after the government approved, in principle, the merging of the two banks and their insurance arms on July 7, 2005. As the biggest financial institution in terms of combined assets and deposits, the IBB-IDBB entity holds the promise of economies of scale that enables it to perform banking and insurance businesses both at home and abroad.

Brunei explores its tourism potentials
Brunei is set to reinvigorate its tourism industry after the government established the Brunei Tourism Board on July 11, 2005. The tourism arm of the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources is also upgraded on the same day, which is now known as the Department of Tourism Development.

Brunei renames foreign office
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs now holds the trade remit after the government transferred the control of the International Relations and Trade Development Division from the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources on July 8, 2005. Brunei’s foreign office is now called the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, effective August 1, 2005.

The International Relations and Trade Development Division is in the business of coordinating Brunei’s regional and international trade matters, and exercises its economic cooperation at bilateral and multilateral levels. It also shapes Brunei’s short- and long-term domestic and international trade policies for the purpose of opening the national market and cementing market linkages with other states and non-sovereign actors.

Brunei strengthens economic links with Singapore
A system of relief now applies to Brunei individuals or organisations who are earning incomes from Singapore after the two governments signed the Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement on August 19, 2005 in Singapore. The agreement enables the Brunei taxation system to allow income tax levied by Singapore to be credited against the tax due in Brunei.

The net result is that the individual or organisation pays the higher of the two taxes.

Brunei strengthens economic links with Pakistan
A system of relief is set to apply to Brunei individuals or organisations who are earning incomes from Pakistan after the two governments agreed on the draft for the Convention on Avoidance of Double Taxation on August 20, 2005.

Brunei opens onshore areas for bidding
Brunei is set to expand its oil and gas exploration after the government opened two onshore areas for bidding on August 29, 2005.

Blocks L and M hold 2,253 km² and 3,011 km² of areas respectively.

Brunei dissolves its 2004 legislature and introduces new membership
The State Legislative Council now houses 29 members after the government dissolved the  previous sitting on September 2, 2005. New members comprise:

1. His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah, The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. He also holds the posts: Prime Minister, Defence Minister, and Finance Minister
2. His Royal Highness Prince Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah, the Crown Prince
3. His Royal Highness Prince Mohamed Bolkiah, the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
4. The 11 cabinet ministers
5. Two from the nobility and one from the aristocracy
6. Seven prominent figures who achieved distinctions in business, religion and society
7. Five representatives from Brunei’s four districts

Brunei strengthens human resources
Brunei’s supply of specialist and professional workforce is set to increase after the government has allocated the B$250 million Human Resources Fund on January 10, 2006, which augments the current B$852 million Education and Human Resources Development Fund.

The B$250 million funding covers six aspects of Brunei’s human capital:
1. Specialists and professionals
2. The three-tiered scholarship schemes
3. Unemployed graduates
4. School leavers
5. Skills and knowledge development
6. Entrepreneurial development

The funding also pays for the feasibility studies on the overseas employment inducement schemes, and the national service scheme. The B$250 million Human Resources Fund complements the National Development Plan, which hitherto focuses solely on physical infrastructure development.
Brunei establishes new Islamic bank

The IBB-IDBB entity, formed after the merging of two Islamic banks on July 7, 2005, is now called the Islamic Bank of Brunei Darussalam (IBBD), effective January 31, 2006. Integration process of the banks’ assets and liabilities, management, operations, subsidiaries and staff is set for implementation in phases. IBBD is fitted with new remits that allow its banking business to operate overseas.

Oil consortia explore Brunei’s onshore areas
Brunei’s onshore areas that were open for bidding on August 29, 2005 are now set for oil exploration after the government has awarded the production sharing contracts (PSCS) to several companies on February 6, 2006.

The consortium, QAF Brunei Sendirian Berhad-Loon Energy Inc has received government approval for oil exploration in Block L, which covers an area of 2,253 km².

And Block M, which covers an area of 3,001 km² goes to the group comprising China Oil USA (Macao) Company Limited (ChinaOil), Valiant International Petroleum Limited, and Jana Corporation Sendirian Berhad.

Brunei-Singapore education link up
Brunei and Singapore each earmarks five schools, which are set for a twinning programme, after the two governments have signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Education on February 14, 2006 in Singapore.

The MOU provisions cover activities for people-to-people exchange comprising students and the teaching professionals from the two signatories. The MoU also enables the University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD) to expand its areas of cooperation with universities in Singapore.

Brunei strengthens link with Saudi Arabia
The Brunei-Saudi relations are set to deepen bilateral cooperation in economic, trade, and cultural affairs after the two governments have signed the General Agreement on Economic, Trade, Investment, Technical, Education and Cultural, and Youth and Sport Cooperation on May 22, 2006.

Brunei introduces new and amended existing Acts
• Child Care Centres Order, 2006; and Child Care Centres Regulations, 2006
• Banking Order, 2006; and Banking Regulations 2006
• Insurance Order, 2006; and Insurance Regulations, 2006
• Finance Companies Act (Amendment) Order, 2006
• Hire Purchase Order, 2006
• Customs Order, 2006 and Excise Order, 2006

Brunei introduces Orders to combat crime
Brunei Darussalam is aware of its international obligation in combating crimes together with other countries. In this regard two Orders had come into effect;
• Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Order
• Extradition Order, 2006 (replacing Extradition Act of 1915)

Brunei introduces law on disaster management
To provide effective disaster management, a Disaster Management Order, 2006 had been passed.
Brunei introduces nation’s first Islamic bond Sukuk Al-Ijarah, an Islamic bond was launched on March 14, 2006. The issuance of the Sukuk Al-Ijarah is the first step in developing a Capital Market in Brunei. The introduction is hoped to enhance the nation’s position in the growing regional and global Islamic Financial Community.

For the issuance of the Sukuk, the Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam through Ministry of Finace had established two companies namely; Sukuk Holding Properties Inc and Sukuk (Brunei) Inc as the facilitators of the government in implementing the programme.

Brunei shows strong commitment to protect the environment
As a symbol of their support and commitment in the area of the natural habitat and forest conservation, Brunei Darussalam with Indonesia and Malaysia launched the ‘Heart of Borneo’.
The ‘Heart of Borneo’ is a protected area that harbours up to six per cent of the world’s total biodiversity. It is the source of 14 of the island’s 20 major rivers with some 361 new species discovered in the last 10 years. It covers an area of approximately 220, 000 sq. km of equatorial rainforest and numerous wildlife species.

Brunei renames its Fire Services Department
To align with the requirements of the Amendment of Fire Services Act (2000), where among others it clarified that the department’s responsibility are more likely to be of rescuing tasks, the Brunei’s Fire Services Department is now known as Fire and Rescue Department. It was officiated on March 9, 2006.

Brunei privatised its telephony services
The Jabatan Telekom Brunei (JTB) has been corporatised with effect from April 1, 2006 and now known as Telekom Brunei Berhad (TelBru).

The corporatisation is part of the government’s efforts to implement privatisation programms under the National Development Plan. The corporatisation enforced three legislations namely Authority for Info-Communication Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam Order, 2001; Telecommunication Successor Company Order, 2001; and Telecommunication Order, 2001.

Brunei-Iceland established diplomatic relations
The Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam and the Republic of Iceland established diplomatic relations effective April 27, 2006.

Brunei becomes member of Asian Development Bank
Brunei Darussalam became the 65th member of Asian Development Bank (ADB) on April 27, 2006.
The Finance Minister II holds the post as ADB Governor for Brunei and joined by the Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Finance as Alternate Governor.

Brunei establishes diplomatic relations with Estonia
Diplomatic relations between Brunei Darussalam and Estonia was formally established on May 1, 2006.

Brunei-Saudi Arabia enhance bilateral cooperation
A General Agreement between Brunei Darussalam and Saudi Arabia was signed to further enhance bilateral cooperation in various fields such as economics, trade and cultural cooperation. It took place on May 26, 2006.

Brunei introduces Order to protect the young
In its bid to protect her children and the young segment of the population, the Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam introduced the Children and Young Person Order, 2006 which replaced the Children Order, 2000.

Brunei sets up ‘think tank’ establishment
Under the Centre for Strategic and Policy Studies Order, 2006, a ‘think tank’ establishment had been set up. It is known as the Centre for Strategic and Policy Studies (CSPS).

Brunei introduces Syariah Financial Supervisory Board Order, 2006
Brunei Darussalam had introduced the Syariah Financial Supervisory Board Order, 2006 as ascertainment of the Laws of Islam for the purposes of Islamic Banking Business, Takaful Business, Islamic Financial Business, Islamic Development Financial Business and any other business, which is based on the Syariah principles, and to be supervised and regulated by the authority. The authority for the purposes of the Order is the Minister of Finance.

With the enactment of the Order, any business dealing of financial institutions in Brunei Darussalam concerning the distribution of Islamic products is required to be submitted to the board for approval.

The Order took into effect from January 17, 2006.

Brunei signs MoU to explore Brunei Premium Halal Brand
The Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam with several companies from Australia had signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the desire to explore mutual beneficial means for the commercial development of the Brunei Premium Halal Brand.

It is one of the initiatives that have been undertaken by Brunei Darussalam to make herself as one of the leading player in the global Halal map.

Brunei establishes diplomatic relations with two nation-states
Brunei Darussalam has established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Moldova and the Republic of Angola.

It took effect from October 18, 2006.

Brunei boost travel and tourism industry
A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Brunei Darussalam and Thailand on cooperative efforts that will boost the sultanate’s travel and tourism industry, and enhance the flow of goods and trade between both countries was signed on January 15, 2007.

The MoU is an indication of mutual commitment to strengthening bilateral ties and encouraging shipping lines from the ports of both countries and the ASEAN region.

Brunei-Singapore inks health pact
Brunei Darussalam and Singapore signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on February 10, 2007 where it will foster greater cooperation between both nation-states. It will enable both parties to share experience in healthcare activities; promote training exchanges between both countries; and promote business opportunities in the healthcare sector.

Brunei introduces new legislations
Seven new legislations were introduced at the new Legal Year 2007.
The legislations are;
• Centre Strategic and Policy Studies Order, 2006.
• Civil Aviation Order, 2006.
• Intermediate Courts Act (Amendment) Order, 2006.
• Minor Offences Act (Amendment), 2006.
• Small Claims Tribunal Order, 2006.
• Tabung Amanah Pekerja Act (Amendment) Order, 2007.
• Criminal Procedure Code (Amendment) Order, 2007.

Brunei-UK inks deal on dental healthcare
Brunei Darussalam’s Ministry of Health and London’s King’s Colleges signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) along with an agreement between the ministry and the College’s Dental Institute at King’s College Hospital Trust.

The MoU makes the provision for postgraduate studies and specialist training in the Dental Institute, together with opportunities for staff and student exchange.
The agreement was for a Dental Programme, which comprises of a three-year Diploma course in Dental Therapy. Through the programme, dental therapists will receive in-house training, while King’s academic staff will visit Brunei Darussalam on a part-time basis to provide training throughout the duration of the course.

Brunei joins International Labour Organisation
Brunei Darussalam joined and became the 180th member of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in 2007.

Brunei-Japan sign free trade agreement
Cooperation in the field of energy, development of human resources and an enhancement on capabilities between Brunei Darussalam and Japan is now feasible with the signing of the ‘Agreement between Japan and Brunei Darussalam for an Economic Partnership’.

It was signed on June 18, 2007.

Brunei-Singapore launch new $20 currency notes
To commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Currency Interchangeability Agreement (CIA) between Brunei Darussalam and Singapore, new $20 polymer notes were launched.

Brunei-Macedonia establish diplomatic relations
The Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam has established diplomatic relations with the Government of the Republic of Macedonia with effect from August 1, 2007.

Brunei expands its capital
Bandar Seri Begawan is now 100.35 sq.km wide where its former land area was only 12.87 sq.km. The expansion took place effective August 1, 2007.

The new expansion area also include the existing town area, and the villages under the respective mukims; Mukim Kianggeh; parts of Mukim Gadong; parts of Mukim Kilanas; parts of Mukim Brakas ‘A’; parts of Mukim Berakas ‘B’; and parts of Mukim Kota Batu.

Also included are Kampong Ayer’s Mukim Sungai Kedayan; Mukim Tamoi; Mukim burong Pingai Ayer; Mukim Peramu; Mukim Saba; and Mukim Sungai Kebun.

Brunei ranks among top five in living standards
Brunei Darussalam is ranked among top five in Asia and the Pacific when it comes to economic well-being and living standards of the population.

These results are based on the Asia Development Bank (ADB) study.

Brunei launch ‘Brunei Halal Brand’
‘Brunei Halal Brand’ marks another milestone in Brunei’s efforts towards making itself as a key player in the halal industry. It was launched at this year’s (2007) Brunei’s International Halal Expo.

Brunei-Pakistan: MoU on health sector
A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Brunei Darussalam and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in the health sector will enable cooperation in education/clinic exercise and other health institutions; medical research development and health; public health system; technology changes in health sector and pharmacy.

Brunei observes Energy Day every May 24
Energy Day is one of the initiatives to increase the understanding and awareness of citizens and residents of Brunei on the importance of energy sources and efficiency and conservation when using energy. This was introduced in 2007.

Brunei-Vietnam sign five MoU
Bilateral relations between Brunei Darussalam and the Republic Socialist of Vietnam have been further enhanced with the signing of five Memorandum of Understandings (MoU).
• The first MoU was between Brunei’s Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports and Vietnam’s Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism.
• MoU on Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion.
• MoU between Brunei National Petroleum Company Sendirian Berhad (PetroleumBRUNEI0 and Vietnam Oil and Gas Company (PETROVIETNAM).
• MoU between AsiaInc Brunei Darussalam and Vietnam’s Sovico Group
• MoU Brunei’s IQ Quest Company and Sovico Group of Vietnam.

Brunei-Malaysia launch Frequent Travellers Card project
The Frequent Travellers Card (FTC) project is aimed at facilitating and smoothening cross-border movements of both nationalities who fulfil the rules set y the immigration departments of both countries.

The FTC project was initially implemented at Sg. Tujuh Control Post bordering Miri and Kuala Belait and later extended in stages to Kuala Lurah immigration post-Tedungan in  Limbang, immigration control posts in Puni-Pendaharuan bordering Temburong and Limbang and other control posts that are considered appropriate. Miri and Sarawak are part of the Malaysian state of Sarawak.

Brunei celebrates His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam’s 40th year anniversary to the throne
Brunei Darussalam commemorates the 40th anniversary of His Majesty’s accession to the throne on October 5, 2007. His Majesty ascended the throne on October 5, 1967 following the voluntary abdication of his father, the late Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien.

Brunei celebrates 100th anniversary of its health services
The year 2007 marks the 100th anniversary of Brunei’s health services. It is one of the oldest services in the nation and had gone through a number of challenges and notably, achieved several momentous successes such as the eradication of Malaria since August 1987 and Poliomyelitis since October 2004.

Brunei ensures education for all
To ensure that the children of  this nation will be receiving formal education within an appropriate period in schools and to the enhance the quality of the education, the Ministry of Education have enforced the ‘Compulsory Education Order 2007’ that took effect from November 24, 2007.

The main objective of this Order is to ensure that all children aged between six and 15 years old who meet the requirements to receive primary and secondary education are officially registered and getting proper education in schools.

Brunei enforces Custom Import Duties Order and Excise Duties Order
No import taxes on cigarettes and tobacco, alcoholic beverages and motor vehicles, but instead replaced with excise duties will be enforced under the Custom Import Duties Order, 2007.

Under the Customs Import Duties Order 2007, the three schedules include Rate of Import Duty, Exemption From Import Duty, and Scheduled Persons.

Meanwhile, for the Excise Duties Order, the three schedules are Rate of Excise Duty, Exemption From Import Duty, and Scheduled Persons.

According to the Customs Import Duties Order 2007, duty must be paid for importing products into the country. While, Excise Duties Order 2007 requires the payment of excise duties which applies to products manufactured locally.

Brunei-Malaysia enhance education link
A signing of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Brunei’s Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) and Malaysia’s University Malaysia Sabah (UMS) is hoped to enhance cooperation between the two universities in terms of university undergraduate exchange, faculty exchange, publication exchange and research cooperation.

The signing ceremony took place on January 22, 2008.

Brunei allocates $9.5 billion for National Development Plan 2007-2012
A total of $9.5 billion has been allocated by the Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam to implement programmes and projects under the National Development Plan 2007 -2012.

Brunei announces its long-term development plan
A book entitled ‘Brunei Darussalam Long-Term Development Plan’ was launched where it outlined three major areas; Wawasan Brunei 2035; Outline of Strategies and Policies for Development (OSPD) 2007-2017; and the National Development Plan 2007-2012.

Through the National Vision or Wawasan Brunei 2035, it aims to make Brunei Darussalam, by 2035, as a nation which will be widely recognised for the accomplishments of its educated and highly skilled people as measured by the highest international standards; quality of life that is among the top 10 nations in the world; and a dynamic and sustainable economy with income per capita within the top 10 countries in the world.

Brunei opens new State Legislative Council building
The first meeting from the fourth session of the State Legislative Council was held at the State Legislative Council’s new building based at Jalan Kebangsaan. The new building is four-storey high and cost more than $60 million to build. It was officiated on March 4, 2008.

Brunei-Oman sign pact on Avoidance of Double Taxation
The Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam and the Government of the Sultanate of Oman have signed the Agreement on the Avoidance of Double Taxation on February 25, 2008.

Brunei establishes new department
A new department called e-Government National Centre has been formed where its operations began on April 1, 2008. The formation of the new department is part of the continuous effort of the Government of His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam to upgrade the effectiveness in providing efficient and effective civil service in a dynamic environment through the use and enhancement of info-communication technology.

The main task of the centre is to provide services in terms of operation, acquisition and human resource development in the field of ICT related to e-government initiatives, especially in civil service.

The centre is under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister’s Office.

Brunei sets up Brunei Heart of Borneo Council
Brunei Darussalam has set up its Heart of Borneo Council effective April 21, 2008 in its bid for a proper management of the Heart of Borneo initiative.

Brunei-New Zealand sign health training agreement
Brunei Darussalam is collaborating with New Zealand to train local health professionals in various areas including doctors, nurse, health experts and professional areas. The agreement is between the Ministry of Health and University of Otago on April 11, 2008.

Brunei uses biometric passport
Brunei Darussalam is the fourth ASEAN member to use the biometric passport. The launching of the biometric passport fulfils the international standard required by the International Civil Aviation Organisation. The launching of the biometric passport took place on May 5, 2008.

Brunei’s Broadcasting Act authority transferred
With effect from May 21, 2008, the authority for Broadcasting Act (Chapter 180) will be transferred to the Ministry of Communications. With the transfer of authority, regulatory and monitoring functions of the Act, such as the issuance of broadcasting licenses, collection of licensing revenues, monitoring and enforcement willl now be carried out by the Ministry of Communications.

However, the two government media agencies, Radio Televisyen Brunei and Department of Information will not be affected by the transfer and will remain under the administration of the Prime Minister’s Office.

The Broadcasting Act (Chapter 180) was formerly under the purview of the Prime Minister’s Office.

Brunei’s official government newspaper goes online daily
With the implementation of one of its e-government initiatives, Brunei Darussalam’s official government newspaper is now available online daily while its hard copy is now published twice a week – Wednesday and Saturday.

The online version is available at www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn where it is updated every day by 8am. The online version will be accessible by July 7, 2008. Where as the hard copy will be published twice a week starting July 9, 2008.

Brunei-Japan inks MOU in technical field
Brunei Darussalam and Japan under the Heart of Borneo (HOB) initiative have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in the field of technical where among others, both parties agreed to set up a Joint Research and Development in Forest Microorganisms.

The MoU was signed between Brunei’s Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources and Japan’s National Institute of Technology and Evaluation.

The five-year bilateral technical cooperation aims to enhance the building of the national capacity in the priority area through joint research and development using the rich biological resources abundant in the Brunei’s tropical rainforest.

Brunei-Kuwait sign MoU in economic & technical field
Brunei Darussalam and Kuwait signed a Memorandum of Understanding in the economic and technical field on July 25, 2008.

Present as signatories were Brunei’s Minister of Finance II, Pehin Dato Haji Awang Abdul Rahman and Kuwait’s Minister of Trade, His Excellency Mustafa Jassim AlShamali.

The signing ceremony took place at the Istana Nurul Iman.

Brunei Darussalam establish formal diplomatic relations with Kenya
A formal diplomatic relations between Brunei Darussalam and Kenya was established on August 11, 2008. A signing ceremony was held at Brunei Darussalam’s High Commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Present as signatories were His Excellency Dato Seri Dr Haji Mohd Amin, Brunei’s High Commissioner to Malaysia; while his counterpart was His Excellency David Gachoki Njoka, the High Commissioner of Kenya to Malaysia.

Brunei signs agreement on large-scale Photovoltaic (PV) project
An agreement was reached for the implementation of a large-scale Photovoltaic (PV) project to be carried out in Brunei.

The MoU was signed between the Energy Division at the Prime Minister's Office of Brunei Darussalam and Japan’s Mitsubishi Corporation on August 13, 2008.

The project called `Tenaga Suria Brunei (TSB)' under the MoU will see the PV system with a capacity of 1.2 MW to be installed at Seria Power Station in the Belait District and connected to the existing power grid.

This project is expected to be commissioned in 2010.

Brunei-Singapore strengthens trade cooperation
Trade cooperation between Brunei Darussalam and Singapore was further strengthened with the signing of MoU between Brunei Malay Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BMCCI) and Singapore Malay Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SMCCI).

This MoU aims to enhance trade and investments between the members, exchange of information and trade publications, economy, and investment opportunities for both nations.

Another MoU was also signed between Brunei Women Business Council (WBC) and Women Entrepreneurs Network Singapore.

The MoUs were signed on August 14, 2008.

Brunei to increase water supply
A new dam based in the Belait district, known as Kargu Dam is expected to increase the water supply for industries based in that district particularly for the Sungai Liang Industrial Park (SPARK).

A ground breaking ceremony was held to mark the construction of the new dam.
Present at the ceremony was the Minister of Development, Pehin Dato Haji Awang Abdullah bin Begawan Mudim Dato Paduka Haji Bakar on September 1, 2008.

This project which is worth $34.5 million is expected to be completed by 2010. Upon completion, the dam will be able to store 10 million cubic metres of raw where untreated water will be released at times of low flow in the Belait river and to meet the demand for water at the Badas Pumping Stations for the Public Works Department, Brunei Shell Petroleum Company Sdn Bhd (BSP) and Brunei LNG Sdn Bhd (BLNG).

Brunei inks pact on fishery sector
An agreement to enhance the fishery sector was signed between Brunei Darussalam and the People’s Republic of China on September 10, 2008.

The MoU which was between Brunei’s Department of Fishery and China’s Oceanic and Fisheries Administration of Guangdong Province saw an agreement to establish relations between the private sector of both nations; collaboration work on red tide; organising trainings, workshops and seminars related to the including study visits, work attachments and exchange of experts; implementing joint projects to develop offshore aquaculture; and to implement projects that are beneficial for both sides.

Brunei celebrates Golden Jubilee of Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque
One of Brunei’s national landmarks, the Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque celebrated its 50th Golden Jubilee on July 26, 2008.

Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque is situated in the heart of Bandar Seri Begawan. It was officially opened on September 26, 1958 by the late Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, the 28th Sultan of Brunei.

The mosque took four years and six months to build where construction works began on February 4, 1954 on a two-hectare piece of land.

The Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque is one of the most beautiful mosque in this region and became the venue for many national events.

Brunei issues new one cent coinage
The Brunei Currency and Monetary Board has issued a new one cent coin on October 13, 2008.

The new coin is made of copper and zinc; yellow in colour; weights about 1.780 to 1.8010 gm per unit; and a diameter of 17.610 – 17.660 mm.

Brunei launches Enterprise Service Portal
Brunei’s Ministry of Education has launched its Enterprise Service Portal through its e-Education initiatives.

Through this portal, registered users will have access to various applications such as ‘Knowledge Management System’ and e-resources through its web interface. This portal’s search engine will make information faster to find; enables user to personalise their web interface; has collaboration features such as e-mails, blog and video conferencing; and has multi-lingual support which are in Malay and English.

This portal was launched on October 15, 2008 and available at www.moe.edu.bn

Brunei elevates two academic institutions
The status of two of Brunei’s academic institutions have been elevated on October 18, 2008.

The Institut Teknologi Brunei (ITB) is now a university while still maintaining its name. While the Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah College of Nursing is now under the Institute of Medicine of Universiti Brunei Darussalam and referred to as Department of Health Care.

These were announced at the 18th Teacher’s Day celebration.

Brunei commemorates United Nations World Remembrance Day for Road Traffic Victims
Brunei Darussalam for the first time commemorates the United Nations World Remembrance Day for Road Traffic Victims on November 29, 2008.

The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims was started by RoadPeace in 1993. Since then it has been observed and promoted worldwide by several NGOs, including the European Federation of Road Traffic Victims (FEVR) and its associated organisations.

On 26 October 2005, the United Nations endorsed it as a global day to be observed every third Sunday in November each year.

Brunei hosts 6th BIMP-EAGA Friendship Games
Brunei Darussalam hosted the 6th Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East Asian Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA) Friendship Games from November 28 to 30, 2008.

It was participated from teams of BIMP-EAGA and invited team from the Northern Territory, Australia.

Seven sports were competed which were athletic, aquatic, badminton, futsal, sepak takraw, pencak silat and tennis.

This round of BIMP-EAGA Friendship Games saw Sabah, Malaysia as the overall winner with Brunei Darussalam ‘A’ as the host coming in third place before South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Brunei introduces two new Orders
Two new Orders – Takaful Order 2008 and Islamic Banking Order 2008 have been introduced in 2008 in the bid to promote and develop the finance sector of this nation.

Brunei meets ISPS Code standard
Brunei ports have met the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code standard since July 1, 2004.

ISPS Code is a step towards strengthening vessels’ security and ports facilities.

Brunei-Australia Memorial ground erected at Muara Beach
To commemorate the landing of Australian soldiers in Brunei Darussalam during the Second World War; and cooperation between citizens of Brunei Darussalam and Australia during that period, a Brunei-Australia Memorial ground had been erected at Muara Beach.

A ceremony to officiate the ground was held on December 13, 2008.

Muara Beach was chosen as it was where Australia Division 9 first landed when OBOE 6 operation was carried out. They landed in Brunei on June 10, 1945.

Brunei to have Maritime Museum
A new museum, Maritime Museum will soon be open for the public. A key handing-over ceremony was held on November 20, 2008 where the building is based at Kampong Pelambayan, Jalan Kota Batu.

Construction works began in December 2006 with a cost of nearly $5 million on a 3.53 hectare piece of land.

The museum will have three galleries featuring Brunei’s community and lifestyle connected with maritime; and lifestyle on Brunei waters such as padian and many more. The second gallery will showcase Brunei Darussalam’s relations with other nations. While the third gallery will showcase archaeological proof and findings on Brunei waters.

Brunei launched its auto-gate immigration system

Brunei Darussalam has reached another milestone in the field of information communication technologies (ICT) with the launching of its auto-gate immigration system.  

An official launching ceremony was held on December 31, 2008 at the Brunei International Airport where passengers arriving on flight SQ182 from Singapore holding biometric passports making their way through the immigration clearance with the auto-gate technology were the first to use this new system.

Through the auto-gate system, biometric passports will be scanned using a passport scanner which will read the information on the chip that is in the biometric passport. Once the information has been read, the finger print of the passport holder is needed before the gate is opened for entering or exit.

Universiti Brunei Darussalam introduces four programs
Commencing August 2009, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) will be introducing four programs which are Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Health Science and Bachelor of Business.

Universiti Brunei Darussalam is the oldest university in Brunei Darussalam where UBD opened its doors to the first intake of 176 students on October 28, 1985. In 1988, the Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Education was integrated with the University.

Today the University accommodates more than 300 academic staff and 2,800 students in seven faculties, namely Arts and Social Sciences, Business, Economics and Policies Studies, Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Institute of Islamic Studies, Science, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Education, Academy of Brunei Studies and Institute of Medicine.

Brunei launched new education system
To ensure that the education system is relevant according to current and future needs, a new education system known as Sistem Pendidikan Negara Abad Ke-21 (SPN21) or the National Education System for the 21st century has been launched.

SPN21 underwent a transitional stage in 2008 for Year 7 students with implementation for Year 1 and 4 students to be carried out in 2009. Full implementation at primary level is expected to be carried in 2011.

It was officially launch on January 5, 2009.         

Brunei-Japan sign Double Taxation Agreement
Brunei Darussalam and Japan have signed the Double Taxation Agreement on January 20, 2009 in Tokyo where it would expand and strengthen cooperation in taxation besides strengthening investment between both countries.

Brunei Darussalam and Japan had signed Brunei-Japan's Economy Partner Agreement (EPA) in June 2007.

Brunei - Oman sign pact on health sector
Brunei Darussalam and Oman have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on health sector that comprises exchange of information, development of manpower resources, fundamental health care, medicinal control, medical research and health development, disease monitoring and quality management

The MoU was signed in Oman on February 10, 2010.       

Brunei – Singapore form cooperation in agricultural sector     
Brunei Darussalam and the Republic of Singapore have agreed for a closer cooperation on the development of agri-food technology, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, nature conservation and biodiversity.

Closer cooperation will be sought through information network exchange, capacity development, human resource development, promotion, trade, investments and research activities.
The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed on March 14, 2009.

Brunei-Malaysia sign ‘Exchange of Letters’
Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia signed an ‘Exchange of Letters’ on March 16, 2009 which the document include maritime boundaries between both countries, the establishment of Commercial Arrangement Area in the oil and gas sector and ways to resolve issues on land boundary between the two countries.

Brunei to develop sandalwood
Brunei Darussalam’s Aswad Aroma Plantation and Taiwan’s MingDato University will develop sandalwood based on biotechnology.

Thus a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between both parties where a cooperation has been established to develop the farming and processing of sandalwood using latest technology.

The MoU was signed on March 21, 2009.

Brunei-Indonesia launch BRUDIFA
Brunei Darussalam and Republic of Indonesia’s bilateral relation has been further strengthened with the launching of the Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia Friendship Association. It was launched in conjunction with the 25 years of diplomatic relations between both countries.

Brunei approves more laws
Brunei Darussalam has approved for new laws consisting of Criminal Registration Order 2008; Custom Order (Amendment) 2008; Islamic Bank Order 2008; and Takaful Order 2008.

These were disclosed at the Opening of Legal Year 2009.

Since the previous legal year, 10 more laws were resided which include Debtor Act (Section 195); Electronic Transaction Act (Section 196); Violence Eradicate Act (Financial and other measures) (Section 197); Tokyo Convention Act (section 198); and Distress Act (Section 199). Also revised were Sungai Liang Authority Act (Section 200); Asian Development Bank Act (Section 201); Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Foundation’s Act (Section 166); Internal Security Act (Procedure 1 from Section 133); and Legislative Council and Council and Ministers (Remuneration and Privileges) (Section 134).

Brunei-Philippines for closer agricultural cooperation
Brunei Darussalam and the Republic of Philippines have sealed a partnership for cooperation in the agricultural field. The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) which was signed on April 27, 2009 will engage both parties in bilateral cooperation in the field of agriculture for the purpose of fostering sectoral development and with a view of enhancing agri-related trade and investment activities.`

Brunei – Kuwait strengthen bilateral relations
Brunei Darussalam and Kuwait have signed two agreements and one Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

The documents signed were the Agreement for the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investment (BIT) and Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income. While the MoU signed was for cooperation in the oil and gas sector.
The agreements and MoU were signed on April 13, 2010.

Brunei-Oman to create joint investment fund
Brunei Darussalam and the Sultanate of Oman have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to create a joint investment fund. Under the MoU, a joint venture company, the Oman-Brunei Investment Co. would be set up to facilitate investments made in infrastructure, tourism, health, telecommunications, utility and other sectors n Brunei, Oman and in neighbouring countries.

The MoU was signed on April 16, 2010.

Brunei declares new local rice
Brunei Darussalam’s aim to achieve self-sufficiency in its rice production reached a high note with the launching of a project emphasising on paddy production and the declaration of a new local rice called ‘Beras Laila’ on April 27, 2010.

‘Beras Laila’ was formerly known as Brunei Darussalam Rice One (BDR1) where it has been cultivated in a large scale since 2006. The name ‘Beras Laila’ was invented by Dayang Mardiah binti Haji Ramli, a Historical Officer from the Brunei Historic Centre.

‘Laila’ according to the Historic Centre is a word that among others reflects justice, harmony, goodness and beauty. While ‘Beras’ is the Malay word for rice.

‘Beras Laila’ consists of suitable level of micro nutrients with low carbohydrate and fibre, and high protein. It can be also be cultivated twice a year.